• Paul Bénichou, Romantismes français I: Le Sacre de l'écrivain; Le Temps des prophètes (Paris: Quarto/Gallimard, 2004). Texts as published in 1973 and 1977, respectively, with corrections. Introduced by Bénichou's 1989 interview with Le Débat, "Parcours d'un écrivain: Entretien avec Paul Bénichou," pp. 7-18. Concludes with four pages (unnumbered) of photographs, showing Paul Bénichou in 1923 (Oran), 1925 (Lycée Louis-le-Grand), 1928 (at the École normale supérieure), 1941 (Lyon), 1942 (Oran), 1943 (Argentine), 1968 (Cambridge, Massachusetts), 1977 (Paris, rue Notre-Dame-les-Champs), 1985 (Spain), pp. 987-90.
• Paul Bénichou, Romantismes français II: Les Mages romantiques; L'École du désenchantement (Paris: Quarto/Gallimard, 2004). Texts as published in 1988 and 1992, respectively, with corrections; continuous pagination with Romantismes français I, beginning with p. 989. End matter: Bibliography, pp. 2019-24; common index -- of names of persons (real, legendary, mythological, supernatural, and fictional) and titles of periodicals and collections -- for the four volumes, pp. 2025-78.

• Paul Bénichou, The Consecration of the Writer, 1750-1830, translated with a preface and an index by Mark K. Jensen and an introduction by Tzvetan Todorov (Lincoln & London: University of Nebraska Press, 1999). An unabridged translation of Le Sacre de l'écrivain, 1750-1830: Essai sur l'avènement d'un pouvoir spirituel laïque dans la France moderne containing all the notes in the original edition. The index refers to subjects as well as names, and is thus more complete than the index nominum of the French edition.

• Paul Bénichou, Morales du grand siècle (Paris: Gallimard, 1997). The most recent paperback reprint (in the series Poche universitaire pluridisciplinaires) of Bénichou's classic 1948 study of French classicism, which has never gone out of print. Bénichou emphasizes the continuity between the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries: "But the eighteenth century only continues a work already underway, one to which, in spite of what may appear to be the case on the surface, its predecessor made a considerable contribution."

• Paul Bénichou, Variétés critiques : De Corneille à Borges (Paris: José Corti, 1996). Bénichou has had a long association with José Corti, where Le Sacre de l'écrivain, now in its fourth edition at Gallimard and just translated into English, was first published. Fourteen previously uncollected pieces, including three from the 1950s on Borges, elegantly presented in a new collection that deserves a place beside Bénichou's L'Écrivain et ses travaux (also published by Corti, in 1967, and reprinted in 1993).
• Paul Bénichou, Le Sacre de l'écrivain, 1750-1830: Essai sur l'avènement d'un pouvoir spirituel laïque dans la France moderne, 4th edition (Paris: Gallimard, 1996). Perhaps Bénichou's most important book.

• Paul Bénichou, Selon Mallarmé (Paris: Gallimard, 1995). A 420-page study of forty-three of Mallarmé's shorter poems, with close explications and metrical analyses as well as a general interpretation of Mallarmé flowing from Bénichou's fifty years of intensive study of French romanticism. Published in the collection "Bibliothèque des Idées."
• Paul Bénichou, Le Temps des prophètes : Doctrines de l'âge romantique, (Paris: Gallimard, [1977]). Published in the series Bibliothèque des Idées, this is the latest reprinting of the sequel to Le Sacre de l'écrivain (1973). Here Bénichou pauses in his examination of creative writers (which he will resume with Les Mages romantiques (1988)) in order to survey the welter of social doctrines that emerged in the aftermath of the French Revolution, when writers first became fully aware of the problems of modernity. The crucial question, from Bénichou's perspective: "It is not known whether the free exercise of thought is the soul of modern society, or only the prelude to the establishment of a new dogma." (p. 9)
• Lucien-Gilles Benguigui, Racine et les sources juives d'Esther et Athalie (Paris: L'Harmattan, 1995). Paul Bénichou wrote the preface to this volume.

• Paul Bénichou, L'Écrivain et ses travaux (Paris: José Corti, 1993). Originally published in 1967, this volume collects eleven important articles: (1) "L'Intention des Maximes," on La Rochefoucauld; (2) "J.-J. Rousseau: De la personne à la doctrine"; (3) "Confessions nouvelles de Benjamin Constant"; (4) "Mallarmé et son public"; (5) "La Genèse d'Adolphe," on the complex history of Constant's classic novel; (6) "Sur les premières élégies de Lamartine"; (7) "Delfica et Myrtho," on two sonnets by Nerval; (8) "Le Mariage du Cid," on the background to Corneille's drama; (9) "Andromaque captive puis reine," on the background to Racine's play; (10) "Hippolyte requis d'amour et calomnie," at 90 pages the longest piece in the collection, a study of the background to Phèdre; (11) "La Belle qui ne saurait chanter (Notes sur un motif de poésie populaire)," an essay on oral poetry in France and Spain. -- The rights to the first half of this volume were purchased by Cérès Édition and published for the African market in 1998 under the title L'Écrivain et ses travaux.

• Paul Bénichou, L'École du désenchantement: Sainte-Beuve, Nodier, Musset, Nerval, Gautier (Paris: Gallimard, 1992). A in-depth study of the precursors of "negative romanticism," (p. 526) with particular emphasis on the importance and originality of Nerval, to whom half the volume is devoted. Its thesis: that even before Baudelaire, "the younger members of the preceding generation, born around 1810, were already markedly different" (p. 580) in their outlook from Vigny, Hugo, and their contemporaries. This is the fourth volume in Bénichou's series of volumes on the consecration of the writer.
• Jorge Luis Borges, Enquêtes: 1937-1952, trans. Paul & Sylvie Bénichou (Paris: Gallimard, 1992). This is a reprint of a 1986 revised edition of a volume originally published by Gallimard in 1978.

• Paul Bénichou, Morales du grand siècle (Paris: Gallimard, 1988). An earlier paperback reprint of Bénichou's classic 1948 study of French classicism, which has never gone out of print.
• Paul Bénichou, Les Mages romantiques (Paris: Gallimard, 1988). The third in Bénichou's series of volumes on French romanticism, after Le Sacre de l'écrivain and Le Temps des prophètes. The book is devoted to Lamartine, Vigny, and Hugo, continuing the interpretation of these poets begun in Le Sacre de l'écrivain and emphasizing their fidelity to the ambitions conceived by "la grande génération" of French romanticism. Awarded the book prize of the Association des Amis d'Alfred de Vigny in 1988.

• Victor Hugo, Les Misérables, translated by Charles Wilborn, introduction by Paul Bénichou (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1976).

• Paul Bénichou, Man and Ethics: Studies in French Classicism, translated by Elizabeth Hughes (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971).
• Jorge Luis Borges, L'Auteur: et autres textes, trans. R. Caillois (Paris: Gallimard, 1971). A bilingual edition, containing texts first published without the Spanish originals by Gallimard in 1964. Paul and Sylvia Bénichou collaborated to translate four texts: "Diálogo sobre un diálogo," "Las Uñas," "Los Espejos velados," and "Argumentum ornithologicum."

• Paul Bénichou, Nerval et la chanson folklorique (Paris: José Corti, 1970). A study of Nerval's interest in traditional French popular songs.

• Paul Bénichou, Romancero Judéo-españoles de Marruecos (Madrid: Castilia, 1968). An earlier edition was published in Buenos Aires by the Instituto de Filología in 1946.
• Paul Bénichou, Creación poética en el romancero tradicional (Madrid: Gredos, 1968).

• Paul Bénichou, Morales du grand siècle (Paris: Gallimard, 1967). An earlier paperback reprint of Bénichou's classic study of French classicism.

• Paul Bénichou, Morales du grand siècle (Paris: Gallimard, 1948). The original edition of Bénichou's classic study of French classicism.

• Paul Bénichou, Romancero Judéo-españoles de Marruecos (Buenos Aires: Instituto de Filología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1946). This volume, Bénichou's first, was based on articles published in 1944 in the Revista de Filología Hispanica 6 (1944), pp. 36-76, 105-38, 255-79, 313-81, constituting an anthology, with variants and extensive scholarly commentary, of 68 romanceros from Morocco.

• Paul Bénichou, "Mallarmé et le silence," in D. Wieckowski, ed., Les Poétiques de Mallarmé (Paris: SEDES, 1998), pp. 65-71. This volume lists for 150 FF and is available from www.chapitre.com. Bénichou offers an explication of the difficult 1887 sonnet "Surgi de la croupe et du bond..." that is substantially the same as the reading to be found in Selon Mallarmé (Gallimard, 1995). Here, however, he adds three final pages insisting on the devastating consequences of the brutal June 1848 suppression of a violent workers' uprising for the ideals of poets and writers. Those who still held to the romantic idea of the consecration of the writer -- and for Mallarmé "the romantic consecration of the Poet is irrevocable" (p. 65) -- were forced in the direction of "misanthropy and universal pessimism, pure aestheticism and Satanism." (p. 70) For Mallarmé, the appeal of silence can scarcely be understood outside of this context.
• Paul Bénichou, "Un Gethsémani romantique ( « Le Mont des Oliviers » de Vigny)," Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France CXVIII.3 (May-June 1998), pp. 429-36. (From the Actes du colloque Vigny of November 1997.) To the reading of "Le Mont des Oliviers" that Bénichou published in Les Mages romantiques, pp. 223-29, are here added more detailed observations on the liberties taken by Alfred de Vigny in adapting the Gospel narratives (in Matthew, Mark, and Luke) to his own ends. Bénichou emphasizes that Vigny has excluded "allusions that situate [Jesus] above humanity and which recall the predetermined character of his sacrifice" (p. 432) so as to better emphasize a favorite theme: the significance of the silence of God in response to human entreaty. Upon this silence Vigny founded his belief in "the human race's need to rely upon itself in accomplishing its tasks and duties." (p. 433) Vigny described Jesus as a man with a mission, but a human one, not the eschatological one which the Church has ascribed to him.
• Paul Bénichou, "Mallarmé, 1842-1898," Célébrations nationales 1998 (Paris: Délégation aux célébrations nationales, 1998).

• Paul Bénichou, "Entretien sur l'affaire Dreyfus," Jean Jaurès, cahier trimestriels, no. 137 (July-September 1995), pp. 10-14. In this interview with the historian Vincent Duclert, Bénichou reveals a lifelong fascination with the Dreyfus Affair. He criticizes the logic behind the attempt to resolve the Dreyfus Affair with an amnesty, and argues that the idea that the unity of the Patrie is a good higher than Justice was an unhealthy precedent and served France ill in later years -- particularly during the Vichy years, when a similar appeal to the unity of the Nation was used to justify atrocities.
• Paul Bénichou, "Vian, l'amour noir," Magazine littéraire, no. 331 (April 1995), pp. 57-59.

• Paul Bénichou, "Sur le « Toast funèbre » de Mallarmé," in Paolo Carile, Giovanni Dotoli, Anna Maria Rangei, Michel Simonin, & Luigi Zilli, eds., Parcours et rencontres : Mélanges de langue, d'histoire et de littérature française offerts à Enea Balmas, vol. 2, pp. 1121-34.

• Paul Bénichou, Fontefrida en Francia en el año 1942," in Hispanic Medieval Studies in Honor of Samuel G. Armistead (Madison, Wisconsin: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1992). A discussion of Aragon's 1942 poem entitled "Contre la poésie pure" and its epigraph, taken from a Spanish romance. I am not aware of any other published writing by Bénichou on twentieth-century poetry.

• Paul Bénichou, "Sur deux sonnets de Mallarmé," in Louis van Delft, ed., L'Esprit et la lettre: Mélanges offerts à Jules Brody (Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag, 1991), pp. 202-10.

• Paul Bénichou, "La Prose pour des Esseintes," Saggi e ricerche di letteratura francese 27 (1988), pp. 27-58.
• Paul Bénichou, "Romancero español y romanticismo francés," in Joseph V. Recapito, ed., Hispanic Studies in Honor of Joseph H. Silverman (Newark, Delaware: Juan de la Cuesta, 1988). This article describes French translations of Spanish romances on the Cid in the period 1783-1830, presents as samples French versions of three romances, discusses other French prose translations of such romances in this period, shows how these romances were considered as models for epic, and concludes with ten pages on Hugo's poems in this genre.
• Paul Bénichou & Sylvia Bénichou, "Souvenirs sur Borges, 1943-1985," Magazine littéraire, no. 259 (1988), pp. 37-39.
• Paul Bénichou, "Reflexiones sobre critica literaria," trans. Emilio Gonzalez, Vuelta, 12:144 (November 1988), pp. 12-19. A translation of "Réflexions sur la critique littéraire," in Marc Fumaroli, ed., Le Statut de la littéraire (Geneva: Droz, 1982), pp. 3-21.

• Paul Bénichou, Sur un sonnet de Mallarmé ( « Petit Air » )," in Du romantisme au surnaturalisme: Hommage à Claude Pichois (Neuchâtel: La Baconnière, 1985), pp. 271-80.
• Paul Bénichou, "Hugo et le Dieu caché," in Jacques Seebacher & Anne Ubersfeld, eds., Hugo le fabuleux [Colloque Cerisy-la-salle, June 30-July 10, 1984] (Paris: Seghers, 1985), pp. 143-64. This volume is still in print, listing for 95 FF.

• Paul Bénichou, "Formes et significations dans la « Rodogune » de Corneille," Le Débat, no. 31 (September 1984), pp. 82-102.

• Paul Bénichou, "Poétique et métaphysique dans trois sonnets de Mallarmé," in La Passion et la raison: Hommage à Ferdinand Alquié (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1983), pp. 407-28. This essay is reprinted in its entirety in Selon Mallarmé, except for note 9 on p. 414, which was suppressed apparently because it repeats points alread made in the introduction to the volume. Three sentences in the suppressed note exemplify Bénichou's approach to literary interpretation: "I think that Mallarmé asks first to be read according to the grammar [of his texts], and that our interpretations should stay as close as possible to the text. If his poems are riddles, they must contain, like every other good riddle, the elements of their own solutions. The thoughts of Mallarmé are at once veiled and signified by his text; but let us not add our own thoughts to them."
• Paul Bénichou, "Sobre une coleccion de romances de Tanger," Hispanic Review 51.2 (Spring 1983), pp. 175-88.

• Paul Bénichou, "A propos d'ordinateurs: Note sur l'existence subjective," Commentaire, no. 19 (Fall 1982), pp. 452-56.
• Paul Bénichou, "Réflexions sur la critique littéraire," in Marc Fumaroli, ed., Le Statut de la littérature (Geneva: Droz, 1982), pp. 3-21. This essay is Bénichou's only extended discussion of his methodology and theoretical views. For an on-line essay treating these matters at some length, see my "The Method and Vision of Paul Bénichou".
• Paul Bénichou, "Sobre la voz hakitia," Hispanic Review 50.4 (Autumn 1982), pp. 473-78.

• Paul Bénichou, "Vigny et l'architecture des Destinées," Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 80 (January-February 1980), pp. 41-64.
• Paul Bénichou, "Introduction à « La Rhétorique au XIXe siècle «," Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 80 (1980), pp. 179-261.
• Paul Bénichou, "Note" [sur Lamartine], Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 80 (1980), pp. 625-26.
• Paul Bénichou & Sylvia Bénichou, "Mallarmé y Vasco de Gama," Nueva Revista de Filologia Hispanica 29.2 (1980), pp. 412-27.
• Abel Verdier & Paul Bénichou, "Sur l'« Élégie sixième » de Lamartine," Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 80 (1980), pp. 623-25.

• Paul Bénichou, "Sur Mallarmé," in Le Surnaturalisme français [Colloquium at Vanderbilt University, March 31-April 1, 1978] (Neuchâtel: La Baconnière, 1979), pp. 99-107.
• Paul Bénichou, "Sur la Pandora de Nerval," Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 78 (January-February 1978), pp. 47-59.

• Paul Bénichou, "Sur quelques sources de l'antisémitisme moderne," Commentaire, no. 1 (1978), pp. 67-79.
• Paul Bénichou, "Sur l' « Élégie sixième » de Lamartine," Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 78 (1978), pp. 272-73.

• Paul Bénichou, "Réflexions sur l'idée de nature chez Rousseau," Annales de la Société Jean-Jacques Rousseau 39 (1972-1977), pp. 25-45. This article is reprinted in Pensée de Rousseau (Paris: Seuil, 1984), pp. 125-45.

• Paul Bénichou, "Le Grand Oeuvre de Ballanche: Chronologie et inachèvement," Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 75 (September-October 1975), pp. 736-48.
• Paul Bénichou, "El romance de La muerte del Príncipe de Portugal en la tradicion moderna," Nueva Revista de Filología Hispaníca 24.1 (1975), pp. 113-24.

• Paul Bénichou, "A propos du « Guignon » : Note sur le travail poétique chez Baudelaire," Études baudelairiennes 3 (1973), pp. 232-40.

• Paul Bénichou, "Racine," in Encyclopaedia Universalis (Paris: Encyclopaedia Universalis, 1972). In the 1996 edition of this encyclopedia, Bénichou's article appears on pp. 435-38 of vol. 19. He writes: "Racine's works mark a moment of fulfillment in the history of classical tragedy. This genre, in which an ideal of simplicity long struggled with a baroque-heroic raw material, at last finds in him a harmony and what one might call its natural form (allure naturelle)." (p. 435)

• Paul Bénichou, "Jeune-France et Bousingots: Essai de mise au point," Revue d'histoire littérature de la France 71 (May-June 1971), pp. 439-62.

• Paul Bénichou, "La Rochefoucauld," in Encyclopaedia Universalis (Paris: Encyclopaedia Universalis, 1970). In the 1996 edition of this encyclopedia, Bénichou's article appears on pp. 483-84 of vol. 13. Bénichou challenges the preoccupation of critics with La Rochefoucauld's pessimistic analysis of human egoism. "The Maximes contain a doctrine of sociability or -- as was said then -- of honnêteté. Doubt cast on virtue is an elementary precondition of clearsightedness . . .  The necessary balance of egoisms and vanities, the respect for the reality of others, the proper proportions of lucidity and illusion in the pursuit of happiness, such are the notions that, in the end, constitute the positive conclusions of the Maximes." (p. 484)

• Paul Bénichou, "Corneille," in Encyclopaedia Universalis (Paris: Encyclopaedia Universalis, 1968). In the 1996 edition of this encyclopedia, Bénichou's article appears on pp. 587-90 of vol. 6. He writes: "What has sometimes interfered with a proper understanding of the inspirational intention of [Corneille's works] is an incompatibility that readers now feel between the admirable and the reasonable. In Corneille these two things cannot be separated, because he lived in a time in which the irrational still had no prestige and in which the moral sublime could only be conceived in the light of a lucid vision of conditions and obstacles, and was realized only in the case of a victory -- a victory over circumstances or over oneself, which in either case entailed accurate calculation and proper choice of the noblest outcome as well as the ability to prove, if necessary, that it was the noblest outcome. When the marvelous came to imply a denial of comprehensibility, the heroes of Corneille's theater came to be considered boring professors of moral conduct, despite the capacity for audacity and surprise that they cultivate." (p. 587)

• Paul Bénichou, "Sur les premières élégies de Lamartine," Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 65 (1965),pp. 27-46.

• Paul Bénichou, "The Anti-Bourgeois," in Jacques Guicharnaud, ed., Molière: A Collection of Essays (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1964), pp. 60-68.

• Paul Bénichou, "Nouvelles explorations du romancero judéo-espagnol marocain," Bulletin Hispanique 53 (1961), pp. 217-48.

• Paul Bénichou, "Notas sobre el judeo español de Marruecos en 1950," Nueva Revista de Filologia Hispanica 14 (1960), pp. 307-12.

• Paul Bénichou, "Kublai Khan, Coleridge y Borges," Sur, no. 236 (1955), pp. 57-61. Reprinted as "Koublaï Khan, Coleridge et Borges" in L'Herne (1964), pp. 365-68.

• Paul Bénichou, "Le Monde et l'esprit chez Luis Borges," Les Lettres nouvelles, no. 21 (November 1954), pp. 680-99.

• Paul Bénichou, "Le Monde de Jorge Luis Borges," Critique 8 (August-September 1952), pp. 675-87.
• Paul Bénichou, "El romance castellano y los judíos españoles," Tribuna Israelita, no. 88 (1952), pp. 26-30.

• Articles on the medieval Spanish romancero in the Revista de Filología Hispanica 6 (1944), pp. 36-76, 105-38, 255-79, 313-81, later republished in Romancero Judéo-españoles de Marruecos (Buenos Aires: Instituto de Filología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1946).

• Paul Bénichou, "La Idea de Inconsciente en el clasicismo francés," Logos: Revista de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras 2, no. 3 (August 1943), pp. 5-12.

• Paul Bénichou, "Paul Bénichou: Sens et obscurité selon Mallarmé," interview by Jean-Luc Steinmetz, Magazine littéraire, no. 368 (September 1998), pp. 56-60. In an interview occasioned by the success of his Selon Mallarmé, Bénichou defends the idea that Mallarmé's poems contain a "logical meaning," (p. 57) and challenges those who cherish the notion that he was obscure for the sake of being obscure. On the contrary: "his growing resolution to make his poetry obscure . . . is the result of . . . a situation that left him no other choice." (p. 58) In Mallarmé's view, "both on the social and on the metaphysical level, clear speech would amount to a sort of bluff, because it would pride itself on virtues it does not have: communicability and knowledge." (p. 59) This interview also contains remarks on the "magic" character of poetry, which escapes analysis, and a brief summary by Bénichou of his analysis tracing deep contradictions in Mallarmé's aesthetics to the spiritual crisis of the age.

• Paul Bénichou, "Paul Bénichou, le Champollion de Mallarmé," interview by Jacques Drillon, Le Nouvel Observateur (February 23, 1995), pp. 82-84.

• Paul Bénichou, "L'École du désenchantement: Entretien avec Paul Bénichou," interview by Daniel Lindenberg & François Trémilières, Esprit, no. 192 (June 1993), pp. 134-42.

• Paul Bénichou, "Paul Bénichou: Du grand siècle au romantisme," interview by Yvan Leclerc, Magazine littéraire, no. 301 (July-August 1992), pp. 98-104.

• Paul Bénichou, "Parcours de l'écrivain: Entretien avec Paul Bénichou," Le Débat, no. 54 (March-April 1989), pp. 24-32. (This interview also appears in Mélanges sur l'oeuvre de Paul Bénichou, pp. 191-206.)

• Paul Bénichou, "Littérature et critique: Paul Bénichou: entretien avec Tzvetan Todorov," interview by Tzvetan Todorov, Le Débat, no. 31 (September 1984), pp. 53-81. This interview, or rather conversation, was reprinted by Todorov in his Critique de la critique: Un Roman d'apprentissage (Paris: Seuil, 1984), pp. 143-77, under the title "La littérature comme fait et valeur (Entretien avec Paul Bénichou)" with some slight changes. Critique de la critique was translated into English by Catherine Hughes and published in 1987 in London by Routledge & Kegan Paul and in Ithaca, New York by Cornell University Press as Literature and Its Theorists: A Personal View of Twentieth-Century Criticism.

• Paul Bénichou, "Vigny et ses correspondants (1830-1835)," Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France CXII.6 (November-December 1992), pp. 1048-60. A review of Madeleine Ambrière et al., eds., Correspondance d'Alfred de Vigny, vol. 2 (August 1830-September 1835) (Paris: PUF, 1991). The twenty-seven pages on Vigny in Le Sacre de l'écrivain and the 160 pages on him in Les Mages romantiques are major contributions to Vigny scholarship and led to Bénichou's being invited by the RHLF to review this new edition of Vigny's correspondence, still, today, far from completion -- vol. 5 (1997) reaches the year 1843. Here Bénichou signals the importance of the second volume, half of whose letters were previously unknown to scholars. They are mostly valuable for shedding light on the poet's social existence -- for example, on his jealous regard for his own literary reputation (which occasionally caused the attitude of serene superiority upon which Vigny prided himself to lapse), and on his numerous female correspondents, including the actress Marie Dorval. They are less useful for the study of his thought, which Vigny was not in the habit of discussing in letters. But Bénichou calls attention to letters that improve our understanding of Vigny's relations with the Saint-Simonians, his reverence for poetry, and his campaign to come to the aid of writers in dire financial distress.

• Marc Fumaroli & Tzvetan Todorov, eds., Mélanges sur l'oeuvre de Paul Bénichou (Paris: Gallimard, 1995). This volume comprises three sorts of contributions: (1) texts deriving from a celebration of Bénichou's work at the Collège de France on November 20, 1992 (homages by Yves Bonnefoy, Pierre-Georges Castex, and Marc Fumaroli, and Bénichou's response to this celebration); (2) essays on aspects of his work (by Jean Borie, José-Luis Diaz, Philippe Raynaud, Maurice Agulhon, Jacques Roubaud, and Mark K. Jensen; (3) the texts of three previously published interviews given by Bénichou: (a) to Tzvetan Todorov in the winter of 1983-84 and published as "Littérature et critique" in Le Débat no. 31 (September 1984), later published in a slightly different version as "La Littérature comme fait et valeur" in Todorov's Critique de la critique: Un Roman d'apprentissage (Paris: Seuil, 1984); it is this later text that is reprinted here; (b) to the editors of Le Débat, reprinted from Le Débat no. 54 (March-April 1989); (c) to Yvan Leclerc, reprinted in its entirety from Magazine littéraire no. 301 (July-August 1992). A three-page "selective bibliography" of books and articles by Bénichou concludes the volume. Publisher's list price: FF130. Available from www.chapitre.com.

• Sylvie Romanowski and Monique Bilezikian, eds. Homage to Paul Bénichou (Birmingham, AL: Summa Publications, 1994). A Festschrift of pieces on 17th-century French literature by former students of Paul Bénichou, especially those who studied with him while he taught at Harvard University (1959-1979). Most make little reference to his own writings, however. List price: $44.95; available from amazon.com and Barnes & Noble.

- Last updated February 3, 2012 -